Sức khỏe tuyến tiền liệt

Tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt và những điều cần biết

Tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt (TSLTTTL) hay Phì đại tuyến tiền liệt lành tính, hoặc U xơ tuyến tiền liệt… là hiện tượng các mô ở tuyến tiền liệt tăng lên nhanh chóng một cách bất thường.

Đây là bệnh lành tính, phát triển chậm và rất hiếm khi gây tử vong. Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh tăng dần theo lứa tuổi. Theo các nghiên cứu mới đây chỉ ra rằng, nam giới từ 40 tuổi đã có thể xuất hiện tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt. Bệnh có xu hướng ngày một gia tăng do: Tuổi thọ trung bình của người dân ngày một cao hơn. Phương tiện chẩn đoán như siêu âm, xét nghiệm áp dụng rộng rãi nên đã phát hiện bệnh được nhiều hơn so với trước.

Nhóm đối tượng có nguy cơ cao mắc TSLTTTL

Hiện nay, nguyên nhân gây bệnh vẫn chưa được kết luận chính xác từ các nhà khoa học. Tuy nhiên, theo những nghiên cứu và thống kê mới nhất thì nhóm nam giới dưới đây có nguy cơ cao mắc bệnh tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt 

  • Tuổi cao đồng nghĩa với tỷ lệ mắc bệnh càng cao, thường ở độ tuổi 50 người bệnh bắt đầu xuất hiện các triệu chứng ở đường tiểu dưới mức độ nhẹ.
  • Những người bị béo phì là đối tượng rất dễ gặp phải các triệu chứng rối loạn tiểu tiện
  • Những người bị stress kéo dài hoặc thường xuyên chịu căng thẳng mệt mỏi trong công việc cũng như trong cuộc sống
  • Những người có tiền sử mắc các bệnh như viêm bàng quang, viêm vùng chậu, tiểu đường…
  • Người lười vận động, thường xuyên ngồi lâu hoặc đứng lâu một chỗ

Bên cạnh đó, những người quan hệ tình dục quá nhiều hay không có quan hệ tình dục đều bị phì đại tuyến tiền liệt.

Triệu chứng của người mắc bệnh TSLTTTL

Tiểu đêm nhiều lần là hiện tượng thường gặp ở người mắc bệnh

+ Tiểu rắt (tiểu nhiều lần) – đây là hiện tượng bệnh nhân đi tiểu liên tục (thời gian giữa 2 lần đi tiểu dưới 2 giờ), nhưng mỗi lần đi được ít nước tiểu trong điều kiện bình thường. Mới đầu số lần đi tiểu tăng lần về đêm sau đó số lần tăng dần cả ngày và đêm.

+ Tiểu khó, bí tiểu – người bệnh phải cố rặn, dòng nước tiểu yếu đi, không tiểu xa được. Đôi khi đã tiểu xong lại vẫn còn vài giọt nước tiểu rỏ ra. Nặng hơn là tình trạng tia nước tiểu yếu, nhỏ, nhiều khi không thành tia mà nước tiểu thành từng giọt nhỏ ngay dưới mũi chân

+ Tiểu không hết (còn nước tiểu tồn dư) – Người bệnh tiểu rất lâu nhưng không hết, tiểu xong vẫn có cảm giác không thoải mái, vẫn còn cảm giác buồn tiểu.

+ Tiểu són (tiểu dầm dề không giữ được nước tiểu) – hiện tượng nước tiểu tự chảy qua miệng sáo ra ngoài không theo ý muốn. Đây là biểu hiện khi bàng quang bị căng giãn quá mức, hay gặp trong tăng sản lành tính tuyến tiền liệt giai đoạn 3…. Đây là bệnh bí tiểu mãn tính hoàn toàn, khi thông tiểu, thể tích nước tiểu có thể tới hàng lít.

Cảnh báo: Những biểu hiện trên thường tiến triển từ từ nên dẫn đến bệnh nhân quen dần và khó nhận ra. Nhiều bệnh nhân chủ quan đi khám muộn, dẫn đến khối u xơ đã quá to và có các biến chứng về bàng quang, suy thận,… khiến cho việc điều trị trở nên hết sức phức tạp. Nếu bạn thường xuyên gặp phải một trong những dấu hiệu nêu trên thì bạn cần phải sớm đến các cơ sở y tế để khám và chuẩn đoán để xác định chính xác tình trạng bệnh của mình.

Biến chứng của tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt

Đây là một căn bệnh lành tính, tăng trưởng từ từ theo tuổi tác. Tuy nhiên, bệnh cũng có thể biến chứng gây ảnh hưởng không nhỏ đến cuộc sống của người bệnh cũng như khó khăn trong việc điều trị bệnh sau này.

  • Viêm đường tiết niệu: khi nước tiểu ứ đọng quá lâu trong bàng quang sẽ tạo điều kiện di chuyển ngược dòng lên đường tiết niệu và gây bệnh.
  • Nguy cơ bị suy thận, viêm bể thận
  • Sỏi bàng quang
  • Suy thận mãn tính

Chuẩn đoán xác định bệnh tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt

Do bệnh phát triển từ từ và sự thiếu ý thức trong việc chăm sóc sức khỏe của nam giới nên rất khó phát hiện bệnh. Đa phần khi phát hiện, bệnh đã khá nặng thường phải phẫu thuật, khó điều trị dứt điểm.

Để phát hiện bệnh thì vấn đề quan trọng nằm ở chính người bệnh. Nếu những dấu hiệu bất thường trong cơ thể, đừng ngó lơ điều đó. Hãy chú ý và đi khám ngay nếu có biểu hiện bất thường, cần phát hiện bệnh sớm giúp cho việc điều trị đơn giản, kết quả cao, tránh được các biến chứng đáng tiếc xảy ra. Hơn thế nữa, việc đến khám kịp thời giúp cho các thầy thuốc có thể phát hiện ra ung thư tuyến tiền liệt ở giai đoạn sớm (bằng siêu âm, xét nghiệm PSA, sinh tiết) và hoàn toàn có thể chế ngự được căn bệnh ác tính này.

TKS Tiền Liệt Tuyến

Bài viết đã được soạn thảo, kiểm tra và phê duyệt bởi đội ngũ bác sĩ, dược sĩ , giáo sư từ Viện Y Học Bản Địa Việt Nam với đại diện là Bác sĩ Hoàng Sầm – Chủ tịch Viện,  phó chủ tịch hội Nam Y Việt Nam.

Hỏi đáp cùng bác sĩ Giải đáp trực tiếp

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